Part 4 (EP Mon.Morn.Graphic-Emory)

Part 4 (El Paso Monday Morning Graphic-Emory)
History of Art at the Pass of the North©
By Nicholas P. Houser, Project Historian, XII Travelers Memorial of the Southwest

El Paso Monday Morning Graphic (Newspaper)
1897 Ysleta, Texas. "The old dome at Ysleta is being fitted out with a large and handsome dome adding much to the appearance of the church". El Paso Monday Morning Graphic, Sept. 20, 1897, 8:2, 17 lines.

El Paso Museum of Art
1968 The McKee Collection of Paintings, El Paso Museum of Art, Published by Robert E. and Evelyn McKee Foundation, Guynes Printing Company, Arrangement and design by Carl Hertzog, 67 pages.

El Paso Pioneer Historical Association
n.d. Biographical Sketchbook, Letters, etc. Repositories: El Paso County Historical Society Archives, and copy in UTEP Microfilm Collection, MF 503. (Research note: includes last will and testament and letters of Percival Henderson, estate of his friend, Wm. C. Harvie, which relate to the site of the present-day Cavalryman Statue. $400 inheritance tax was paid by Henderson. $7,000 paid by Henderson for the purchase of the triangular lot at the corner of Upson Avenue, west Missouri Street, and north Santa Fe Street. The remaining money Henderson stipulated in his will is to erect a fountain or other memorial at this location in memory of Harvie. "The proposed memorial and ground shall be given to the city of El Paso on the conditions that I shall specify and if refused, shall be offered to the Scottish Rite Masons on the same conditions." His will also stated that the Museum of History, Science and Art in Los Angeles, California should receive 'my Mexican serape collection' unless within ten years time of my death El Paso has a public museum or art gallery. Houser notes: the collection was donated to the International Museum, now El Paso Museum of Art, and apparently has been lost. The date of the will was May 7, 1907. Also included is a letter to "Dear Richard" (El Paso, Texas, Oct. 24, 1917) from Henderson in which he states that on the lot: 'I would like to see a handsome group of statuary bronze or marble, by one of the leading sculptors in the United States, such as French, McMonnies, McNeil, Barnard, or Borglum.' Houser note: The latter may have referenced Solon Borglum and not his brother Gutzon because Henderson knew that Solon was a great sculptor of animals, perhaps referring to his equestrian work for which he was particularly well known. The cavalryman, sculpted by Rivera was a cavalryman without a mount probably due to cost restrictions).

El Paso County Historical Society
n.d. "Note paper black and white drawing of Carmen of Ysleta Mission." #041-1999-006. Archives of El Paso County Historical Society (Research note: Check - This was not examined).

El Paso Mission Trail Association (see Flynn, Ken)

El Paso Public Library
1936 State of Texas Commemorative Markers. Mrs. O.L. Shipman and Cleofas Calleros Collections, El Paso Public Library, Special Collections.

No. Date. Joseph Urrutia Map, 1766, (El Paso Public Library, Southwest Room, wooden map Filing cabinet: El Paso, No. 150).

No date. Small 3"x5" typed card with the following: "Irving Schwartz says this statue of "The Cavalryman" in small parkway in front of Scottish Rite was given by Henderson Estate - Same one as established Henderson Baby Clinic or hospital. Says Henderson was a mining man who died some years ago. Said it was in memory of his friendship for Mr. Harvie of the El Paso Laundry. Said it might have been commemoration of the Cavalry Soldier in the picture of the Southwest, as it was even then (1940) beginning to look like the 'end of the picture'. -- He said General Lear's adjutant and others posed for this. He said he and Tom Lea Jr. brought artist from N.Y. to do this statue. -- Florence Foskett". El Paso Public Library, Southwest Room, Vertical file.

1940 Feb. 9, 1940: Two pages typed letter on letter head stationery from Richard H. Eurich (Melville, Montana) to Irving Schwartz (El Paso, Texas) dated Feb. 9, 1940. "By this time you have seen the Cavalryman [underlined]. I have heard from Percy McGhee [Research note: architect of the Centennial Museum, School of Mines] that Joe [must be reference to José Ruíz Rivera, sculptor] has been hard at work with the finishing touches and I hope that the result will be all you and I and Tom Lee [sic, Tom Lea] expected. When I say [sic. saw] Joe in Coopersburg and gave my approval to ship I was very frank in my criticism, but tried to make it plain that I had on standing as a professional art critic, and after all Joe is the one person who is most vitally interested in having it right. The basic conception is good and in general I like the way it has worked out. You will have noticed that we are considerably simplified the inscription. -- Now as to the actual unveiling, which I presume is still schedule for the afternoon of the 28th of March. Whatever program you work out with the Army and the Masons will be satisfactory to me as long as I dont [sic] have much to do. Just remember that I am an outsider, have been only a means to an end, and I feel better that this should be an El Paso - Fort Bliss party. -- Mrs. Eurich and I plan to drive down here, arriving on the 22nd at the Del Norte [Hotel] where I have written for reservations. As we have not brought all our 'glad rags' out to the ranch yet we would appreciate knowing whether formal attired, to the extent of evening dress for Mrs. Eurich and at least a tux for me will at anytime be inorder [sic], so that we may get them sent on to us. Mrs. Schwartz could set Mrs. Eurich straight in this. -- If there is any way that I can help you or do the 'proper thing' by writing to those who will take part in the actual ceremonies I shall be glad to do so if you will let me have the names and some idea of what is planned. I feel that I am unloading a lot on your shoulders, but you have carte blanche from e to do as much or as little as you see fit. I think it would be entirely in order and a gesture that would be appreciated by Judge Walshe if he were to be included in the party for e knew personally both Henderson and Harvie and as been a great help to me during the time that funds for this project have been accumulating" (El Paso Public Library, Southwest Room, Vertical file).

March 15, 1940: One page typed letter on stationery from Major General H.J. Brees, U.S. Army Commanding, Headquarters Eight Corps Area, Office of the Commanding General, Fort Sam Houston, Texas) to Mr. Irving Schwartz (El Paso, Texas) dated March 15, 1940. "I have been away for several days, so your letter of March 11th has just come to my attention. -- I shall be very happy to make a brief address at the dedication of "The Cavalryman." -- Will you please let me know as soon as possible the hour of the ceremonies?" (El Paso Public Library, Southwest Room, Vertical file).

March 15, 1940: One page typed Western Union Telegram from R.H. Eurich to Irving Schwartz of Popular Dry Goods Co, El Paso, Texas from Billings, Montana, dated March 15, 1936. Transcribed text: "Had hoped to avoid speech but will make presentation as you request. We expect to arrive El Paso March 22nd (El Paso Public Library, Southwest Room, Vertical file).

March 19, 1940. One page typed letter on stationery (Colonel George M. Edwards, William Beaumont General Hospital, El Paso, Texas) from Geo. M. Edwards, Colonel, Medical Corps to Mrs. Irving Schwartz (The Popular Dry Goods Store) dated March 19, 1940. "Your invitation to be present at the dedication of a statue "The cavalryman" and a luncheon, both on March 28th next, was duly received. I appreciate very much having this invitation and will be pleased to attend both affairs." El Paso Public Library, Southwest Room, Vertical File.

El Paso Scene (Weekly Newspaper)
2004 “Press Club reincarnation could probably use a history lesson” (title), El Paso Scene, July 11-17, 2004, 3b, Article by Betty Ligon, Nancy Hamiltion stated: “We organized the original Press Club in the 1950’s and had a club room in the basement of a building on North Kansas. El Paso Printing Co. was on the corner. Cleofas Calleros knew a muralist from Spain who needed money and got the club to hire him to do a mural above the stairs at the entrance. He took a Steinberg cartoon of a man sitting in a box and put flowers around it and colored it in (the cartoon was a b & w line drawing).”

El Paso Times (El Paso Daily Times Newspaper)
No Date. “El Paso-Then and Now” History of the Southwest Recounted in Tale of Little Wooden Statue”, (title). Cleofas Calleros just received Rev. Fray Angelica Chavez’s Latest Book, La Conquistador. It is the autobiography of an ancient statue which once passed through Paso del Norte. “Two of the original Santos are still with us, at Senecu Mission, across the river”. Fulton Collection, University of Arizona, Box 16, File Folder #2, El Paso Times, No date, no page number recorded in the file.

1885 “A Fine Oil Painting of El Paso” (title), (complete text:) “The work of Leon Trousset, will be raffled at the Acme saloon: 60 chances, one dollar each. Let everybody see it.” El Paso Daily Times, Friday Morning, Jan. 23, 1885, (page number not recorded), bottom of second column (photocopy in research see: Trousset, Leon; note: this copy with related materials was given to N.Houser by J. Sam Moore, Jr., in Jan. 2006).

Opening of the new Pearson Hotel. El Paso Times, Feb. 6, 1885 (no page number cited).

1888 "The Cadets Depart" (title). Bridgers (Research note: W.W. Bridgers, El Paso photographer) was one of the 29 high school cadets sent to Austin to take part in state drill. El Paso Times, May 13, 1888:5:2.

1889 “1889 New Year Edition” (title). All About El Paso – with lithograph of Post Office on page 1; El Paso Times, Jan. 1, 1889.

1898 “The Old Church in Socorro” (title). El Paso Times, Sept. 17, 1898 (Research note: photocopy in file. Re: San Miguel wooden image).

1889 “The City of Juarez” (title), has many new improvements. “Was standing still and now is ahead of El Paso in public buildings. Juarez has a new Town Clock!” El Paso Times, May 24, 1889, page 1, col. 4.

1892 “Fireman’s Public Drinking Fountain” (title). (Includes illustration). El Paso Daily Times, Sunday, August 14, 1892, page 3. “The above is an exact facsimile of a handsome fireman’s public drinking foundation, sixteen feet high and three feet seven inches square at base and of very massive proportions. The Times believe this to be a much need public institution and it will be an ornament to the city. The fountain will cost $1,226 net, but including freight and expenses of putting in place”. “The Times will receive subscriptions, beginning tomorrow, and will publish the name and amount given by each subscriber every day, and will start the list itself with a liberal subscription”. “There is not a public place in the city where horse or dog can get a drink of water and there is not necessity for explaining why it will prove a blessing to the animals of this city. Who will be the first to offer a liberal subscription.”

1907 "Ysleta Church Burns" (Title). "The Ysleta Mission church burned last night, it caught fire from the candles which has been kept burning on the altar for more than 400 years." El Paso Times, 2:6, 1/2 col.

1910 Toltec Club Dedicated. El Paso Times, Oct. 15, 1910, 5, C3, col. 1 (El Paso Public Library Subject Card File).

1919 “Pictures of Old El Paso Sought for Collection” (title). Alfonso Martinez, 310 Herald Bldg., wants to make copy prints for the inclusion in the Felix Martinez Memorial Collection of historical pictures which his son is compiling for the Mills Historical Corner of the University Club. Old pictures include the old ‘Grand’ Central Hotel, McGinity Band, Hook and Ladder Company. Park Pittman will loan his famous collection of old El Paso pictures to be copied. Charles Morehead also is loaning pictures. Gen Anson Mills, founder of the Historical Corner, has also sent the club originals of notices which were posted on the old Cottonwood Tree. Julius Krakauk is chairman of the historical Circle whih has charge of the corner. Members are R.M. Shaver, Vice Chairman, and members: Sam Kelly, U.S. Goen, J.C. Wilmarth, W.H. Fryer, and Jasper Woolridge. El Paso Morning Times, Friday, April 18, 1919, page 9, col. 1.

“Here’s How Juarez and Farms Look From Air – Navy Aviators ‘Shoots’ Interesting Landmarks” (Aerial photo of farm lands taken by Lt. G.R. Pond), El Paso Morning Times, Friday, Oct. 31, 1919, page 8.

“Naval Aviator’s ‘Eye View’ of Juarez, The Race Track and Fort Hidalgo” (title). (Aerial photos taken by Lt. G.R. Pond), El Paso Morning Times, Nov. 2, 1919, page 23.

“Rotarian Suggests Improvements for San Jacinto Plaza” (photo of A.C. Rhodes by Feldman), El Paso Morning Times, Friday, Nov. 21 1919, page 8.

1923 Hueco Tanks Our Nearby Garden of the Gods (Title) (photographs and a map with "Log of Road"). By Albert E. Sigal. El Paso Times, June 10, 1923, no page number recorded, from: El Paso Public Library Vertical File: Hueco Tanks; photocopy in file. "Secure permission at house before entering tanks proper, which is closed to autos and wagons".

1930 The new Hilton Hotel on the Plaza Opened its doors for business today. Harvey Day is the manager. El Paso Times, Nov. 6, 1930 (no page number cited). (El Paso Public Library Subject Card Files: Hotels of El Paso).

Hueco Tanks History. Hueco Tanks Pictographs Tell Graphic Stories of Early Days" (Title). (Photos). El Paso Times, Nov. 24, 1930, no page number recorded, from: El Paso Public Library Vertical File: Hueco Tanks; photocopy in file.

“Hilton Hotel Opens” (title). The New Hilton Hotel on the Plaza opened its door for business today. Harvey Day is the manager. El Paso Times, Nov. 6, 1930.

1932 “Profile Relief of Stephen F. Austin To Be Presented To Austin School In Memory Of Henry Ansley, (Col. Sapp)” (title). Gift of Dorrance D. Rodericks, published of the Times and formerly also of the Herald of which Ansley was managing editor. Bronze relief of Austin by R. Philip Barrow of the Associated Arts, San Antonio. El Paso Times, Sunday, Dec. 4, 1932:11.

1934 "Famous Sculptor Is Here To Study Mount Franklin” (title). “Gutzon Borglum Thinks Monument Should Be Built To First White Mean in Texas” (Subtitle). (Houser Research note: Title and remark is indicative of the racism of the time. Research note: If Borglum's planned to create a sculpture memorial was to include the three companions of Cabeza de Vaca, then Estebanico, a Black Man from Azemmour, Morocco would have been included). "[Borglum] came to El Paso last night to determine whether it will be feasible to carve a great panorama of the Southwest on Mount Franklin. Today he will begin a two-day inspection of the mountain, searching for a high, shear bluff made of hard stone on which the huge figures would be carved with drills and dynamite. -- At the project, as conceived, will be in conjunction with the Texas centennial celebration in 1936, Borglum said, although it could not be completed by that time. 'There is no doubt,' he said, but that El Paso is the right spot where the Spaniards set his foot."-- "'They will make a mistake (reference to Texas Centennial planners) if they continue the celebration to any one city', Borglum said. 'It will take the entire state of Texas to put across anything that big' (Borglum's reference mentioned Jesse Jones of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation about the importance of the Texas Centennial, which should start first in Texas in the south and then sweep north across the state). 'It should start in El Paso where the white men first set foot in what is now Texas. They should spend $500,000 fixing up the Alamo which is noting now but an eyesore, of which we are ashamed, but justly" (Research note: Borglum incorrectly cited Alvarado as coming here in 1526 and later Coronado. The nearest that one of Coronado's party came to El Paso was at Elephant Butte). "Finances worry Borglum not at all, he said. 'When I started the Mount Rushmore, South Dakota, Memorial we had $5,000', he said. 'Now a little less than $1,000,000 has been spent and that region is getting in return millions of dollars in trade.' 'You can't build them too big,' said Borglum. "He said he would make no comment at all on the feasibility of the Mount Franklin monument until he completes his inspection." "The idea of an enormous parade of historic figures of the Southwest on Mount Franklin was conceived in Washington D.C., by James A. Staler, soldier of fortune and explorer, and other who have been much in El Paso', Borglum said". "Borglum and his daughter, Mary Ellen, stopped at Hotel Paso del Norte last night. They are en route from Mount Rushmore to San Antonio, where Borglum maintains a home." El Paso Times, July 29, 1934:8:1.

"Borglum has conceived of a plan for a huge epic of the Southwest written in bold strokes in the imperishable stone. It would contain the figures of the conquistadors, and those who followed them in beating westward the path of progress. -- Should the figures of the Southwest be blasted into the rock of the El Paso areas, it would bring millions of dollars of new tourist trade to this region each year, he said." El Paso Times, July 30, 1934:2:6.

1935 "Mrs. Otis Coles Elected President of Women's Division of C. of C." (title). (Research note: photocopy in Research File. The photocopy was obtained from El Paso Public Library, Southwest Room, Archives, EPVF - El Paso Chamber of Commerce, Women's Department). El Paso Times, March 22, 1935.

"El Paso Must Take Advantage of Background, Says Sculptor" (title). "Tourists Will Avoid City Unless Something Done, Borglum Insists" (Subtitle). (Research note: the following title is on the bottom of the same page, same issue:) "To Give Luncheon For Gutzon Borglum" (Subtitle). (Research note: The luncheon was sponsored by the Chamber of Commerce at Hotel Hussmann) El Paso Times, Aug. 18, 1935:1:3.

"Need of Highway To Mexico Stressed" (title). "Gutzon Borglum, world renowned sculptor and painter, warned El Pasoans yesterday that unless they were successful at a comparatively early date in getting a first class highway to Mexico City, California would step in and get one and thereby take away from this section an in-crossing rich stream of tourist money." (Research note: the article does not mention proposed sculpture memorial). “Twenty-nine attended the luncheon at Hotel Hussman, staged so tourists would hear Borglum tell what could be done here to attract tourists. One hundred were contacted.” ‘America is going to Mexico,” Borglum said. ‘You ought to take a page out of Mussolini’s book. He had figured American tourists are worth $900,000 annually and is putting into effect plans which will increase their stay.” El Paso Times, Aug. 20, 1935:5:6.

"El Paso Drys Go After Votes" (title). El Paso Times, Aug. 24:1935:1:8).

"El Paso Polls To Open At 8 A. M." (title). (Research note: This article concerns the three-cent county tax levy to support a park program. The article does not mention the proposed sculpture memorial at Hueco Tanks or potential purchase of Hueco Tanks) El Paso Times, Aug. 24, 1935:1,3.

“Proposal To Levy Tax For Park Purposes is Defeated” (title). “All the other state amendments carried, but the proposal to levy a 3-cent tax for park purposes in the county was defeated 2558 to 1428.” El Paso Times, Aug. 25, 1935, page 1, col. 6.

"Prohibition Beat Here by 6287 Ballots to 1616" (title). "Proposal to Levy Tax for Park Purposes is Defeated" (Subtitle). "All the other state amendments carried, but the proposal to levy a 3-cent tax for park purposes in the county was defeated, 2558 to 1428." El Paso Times, Aug. 26, 1935:1:6.

Editorial: "Apparently El Paso County voters are still opposed to a raise in taxes in any form. The defeat of the proposed three-cent tax for park purposes proved that. -- If conditions improve in the next two years as they should, it is safe to predict that the tax will be accepted if it is submitted again. Under present conditions, the public feels creation of count parks can wait." El Paso Times, Aug. 26, 1935:4:1.

"Citizens Urged To Hear Talk" (title). "Gutzon Borglum, Sculptor, to Discuss Outdoor Memorials" (Subtitle). "A year ago he inspected the Hueco Tanks as the possible site for carving a mountain memorial depicting historical development of the Southwest on a scale similar to that of his Black Hills memorial in South Dakota." El Paso Times, Aug. 27, 1935:1:6.

"How Memorials are Carved from Mountains" (title). (Research note: Photo caption with photograph of Mt. Rushmore. The text mentions Borglum's lecture on August 29, 1935, at the Scottish Rite Temple, which was sponsored by the Women's Division of the El Paso Chamber of Commerce. Although not cited, the objective of the talk was to promote the Hueco Tanks mountain memorial) El Paso Times, Aug. 28, 1935:3:2.

"Hear Mr. Borglum" (Title, editorial). (Research note: Public presentation at Scottish Rite Temple with topics to be addressed: memorial for Mt. Franklin or at Hueco Tanks). "He may tell us how to put over a memorial on Mount Franklin or in the Hueco Mountains. He may tell us how to obtain federal funds for such a project. At least everyone will gain much knowledge by hearing Mr. Borglum, certainly no one can lose anything." El Paso Times, Aug. 28, 1935:4:1.

"Borglum Gives Memorial Ideas" (title). "Famed Sculptor Asserts Cabeza De Vaca Would Be Fitting Subject" (Subtitle). "A huge memorial in the Hueco Mountains depicting Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions, with Indians in the background, was suggested by Gutzon Borglum, noted sculptor to a group of El Pasoans meeting in Scottish Rite Temple last night. -- Mr. Borglum made no mention how much the memorial would cost or how funds would be raised to pay for it. -- First you must have the idea, courage, independence, the occasion -- money has nothing to do with great things,' the sculptor said. -- 'I'm not interested in monuments to men: I am interested in portraits of characters who stand for history.' -- El Paso has no one to lean on, and 'if you think you will be lost, forgotten and buried,' Mr. Borglum said. -- 'El Paso is 600 miles from Hollywood and 600 miles from Texas.' -- Mr. Borglum said there was no place on Mount Franklin that could be used for a memorial as the mountain is old, cracked and drying up. -- He said the idea of a memorial here, showing the dividing line of the Anglo Saxon and the Latin races, was suggested to him by H.D. Slater when he visited here two years ago" (Research note: Slater was former editor of the El Paso Times, and an amateur sculpture). El Paso Times, Aug. 30, 1935:7:4.

"El Paso Must Take Advantage of Background, Says Sculptor" (title). "Tourists Will Avoid City Unless Something Done, Borglum Insists" (Subtitle). (Research note: the following title is on the bottom of the same page, same issue:) "To Give Luncheon For Gutzon Borglum" (Subtitle). (Research note: The luncheon was sponsored by the Chamber of Commerce at Hotel Hussmann). El Paso Times, Aug. 18, 1935:1:3.

"Anyway, It's Settled" (title). "By a 6-5 votes, El Paso County Advisory Board of the Texas Centennial Commission decided to locate the $50,000 Memorial Arts Building on ten acres adjacent to the College of Mines, rather than buy the Magoffin Homestead or erect a museum building downtown. [next paragraph] A 6-5 vote on this subject is about as satisfactory as a 5-4 decision by the United States Supreme Court, but at any rate the issue is decided. And there's some satisfaction in that. So much embittered argument has developed that many who in the beginning had taken what they hope was an intelligent interest in the subject had become heartily tired of it and would have nothing more to do with it. [next pararaph] Now let the irritation die out, the rancor be forgotten. And especially let no one hold resentment against the College of Mines. The college itself had nothing to do with this squabble, was a silent by-stander throughout, and should not be unjustly penalized by the withdrawal of one lots of pubic favor or support. [next paragraph] And now that this altercation is over, what next? Shall El Paso be split into factions fighting over something else tomorrow? [next paragraph] The Times hopes not. [next paragraph] El Paso's bad habit - and we are convinced it is more habit than anything else of quarreling over everything that comes up has cost our city heavily. [next paragraph] It has cost us millions in money. It has cost us population. It has cost us the largest loss of all - the constructive energy of able citizens who under happier circumstances, could be of great community service but who not unnaturally refuse to stand up to be shot at." El Paso Time, Thursday, Dec. 19, 1935, page 4, col. 1.

"Need of Highway To Mexico Stressed" (title). "Gutzon Borglum, world renowned sculptor and painter, warned El Pasoans yesterday that unless they were successful at a comparatively early date in getting a first class highway to Mexico City, California would step in and get one and thereby take away from this section an in-crossing rich stream of tourist money." (Research note: the article does not mention proposed sculpture memorial) El Paso Times, Aug. 20, 1935:5:6.

"El Paso Drys Go After Votes" (title). El Paso Times, Aug. 24:1935:1:8).

"El Paso Polls To Open At 8 A. M." (title). (Research note: This article concerns the three-cent county tax levy to support a park program. The article does not mention the proposed sculpture memorial at Hueco Tanks or potential purchase of Hueco Tanks) El Paso Times, Aug. 24, 1935:1, 3.

Who Drew These Pictures And When? (title) (Research note: photo from Aultman Photo Co). El Paso Times, Oct. 27, 1935, page 17-B, col. 4; from: El Paso Public Library Vertical File: Hueco Tanks; photocopy in file. Research note: photo is with caption; check to verify if there is more article other than the following caption: "Some of the best specimen of hieroglyphics in American may be found at Hueco Tanks, 26 miles from El Paso. The above picture is a good example of the handiwork of the people who inhabited the region years gone-by".

1936 “Statue of Fish Girl” (title). Don LaMarr, sculptor and his work “The Fish Girl, shown above, got a break when he was employed Co mold the statue (Research note: article includes photograph of Don LaMarr, sculptor, with his sculpture). He ate the fish given him for models. The statue, for which Dorothy Sadler, nine, 611 North El Paso Street, modeled, will be erected as a fountain piece in the Hill Top Garden of the El Paso Garden Club in Memorial Park, LaMarr, a WPA worker lent to the city for the project, worked on the statue for six months at his studio at 615 North El Paso Street. It depicts a little girl holding a fish in her arms. Other fish, from which jets of water will pour, are at her feet. A formal presentation will be made when the statue is ready for permanent mounting. LaMarr appears in the picture across the fish pond from his creation” El Paso Times, Feb. 23, 1936 (Photocopy of article in Newspaper File).

“El Paso Expected At Dallas" (title). El Paso Times, Feb. 7, 1936:3.

“Borglum Talk Will Be Free” (title). “Mrs. G.A. Radford To Pay Expenses of Sculptor’s Lecture Here” (Subtitle). “Gutzon Borglum, internationally famous sculptor, who will be presented as a courtesy to El Paso by Mrs. G.A. Radford, Webster Groves, Mo., in a lecture at 8 p.m. Tuesday in the Scottish Rite Auditorium should be greeted by a capacity crowd. Mrs. Otis C. Coles, chairman-director of the Woman’s Department of the chamber of commerce, said yesterday. – J. Walker McSpadden in his ‘Famous Sculptors of America; devoted considerable space to Borglum.” El Paso Times, Feb. 8, 1936, page 5, col. 5. (Photocopy in file). .

(No title) "L.P. Bloodworth, chairman; Mrs. T.W. Lanier and Harris Walthall are members of the transportation committee. They will negotiate with railroads for special fees. The contemplated itinerary is to return to El Paso from Dallas by way of Houston and San Antonio." El Paso Times, Feb. 7, 1936:3.

Women's Department of the Chamber of Commerce. The article did not mention the Hueco Tanks memorial proposal). El Paso Times, Feb. 8, 1936:5:5).

“Borglum Visits Brewster County” (title) “Gutzon Borglum, internationally famous sculptor, who will lecture here next Tuesday through the courtesy of Mrs. G.A. Radford of the Radford School for Girls, arrived in Alpine early yesterday and left immediately to visit historical and scenic spots in southern Brewster County.” El Paso Times, Feb. 9, 1936, page 8, col. 7.

"A Fort Davis Park (From The Dallas News)" (title). Article suggests preserving Fort Davis historical site as a state park. El Paso Times, Feb. 9, 1936:4:1.

"Borglum Talk Will Be Free" (title). "Mrs. G.A. Radford To Pay Expenses Of Sculptor's Lecture Here" (Subtitle). (Research note: lecture at Scottish Rite Auditorium. Mrs. Otis C. Coles, chairman-director of the Women's Dpet. of the El Paso Chamber of Commerce).

"Borglum Visits Brewster County" (title). El Paso Times, Feb. 9, 1936:8:7.

"A Fort Davis Park (From The Dallas News)" (title). Article suggests preserving Fort Davis historical site as a state park. El Paso Times, Feb. 9, 1936:4:1.

“Borglum and his son, Lincoln, will visit St. Helena Canyon. Johnson’s Farm, the San Vicente Trading Post and the Big Bend Park in the Chisos Mountains.” “Upon his return here the sculptor will lecture to Sul Ross College students.”

“Borglum Lecture Ushers Announced” (title). “Dr. Templin Appoints Group To Serve Tuesday Night” (Subtitle). “The list includes Mesdames Ralph Lowenfeld [sic Loewenfield], John March, Margaret Schuster Marshall, Miss Mary Elizabeth NcNeil, Mrs. A.B. Poe, Jr., Miss Laura Lawson and Mrs. James A. Dick, Jr.” El Paso Times, Feb. 10, 1936, page 6, col. 7 (Photocopy in research file).

"Officials To Study Chisos Park Project" (title). El Paso Times, Feb. 11, 1936:3:5.

"Borglum Says Huge Trees Once Covered Texas Big Bend Area" (title). "Noted Sculptor To Talk On 'Monumental Art' Here Tonight" (Subtitle) "Borglum will lecture on "Monumental Art" at the Scottish Rite Auditorium at 8 p.m. today under sponsorship of Mrs. G.A. Radford, of Radford School for Girls." El Paso Times, Feb. 11, 1936:3:5.

"Officials To Study Chisos Park Project" (title). El Paso Times, Feb. 11, 1936:3:5.

Radford School for Girls." El Paso Times, Feb. 11, 1936:3:5.

"Borglum Describes Progress of Mount Rushmore Carvings" (title).”Borglum illustrated his talk on the subject, ‘Monumental Art’, with slides showing progress of work at Mt. Rushmore group near Rapid City…. “Borglum’s lecture was sponsored by Mrs. G.A. Radford of Radford School for Girls.” “Borglum visited Hueco Tanks yesterday to make several sketches, which will be studied for possibilities for a southwestern historical carving, showing Cabeza de Vaca and his companions on their pioneer trip through the El Paso Valley. Borglum was introduced last night by Brent Rickard, president of the Radford School for Girls board of directors. More than 300 persons attended the lecture. El Paso Times, Feb. 12, 1936:3:2-3.

“Gutzon Borglum And Son Honored” (title). “Mr. Stark’s Home Lighted Only With Candles For Tea” (Subtitle). “Mr. Gutzon Borglum, noted sculptor and his son, Mr. Lincoln Borglum, were honored guests at Tea yesterday afternoon to which Mrs. H.H. Stark, 4515 Cumberland Circle, was hostess.” “The reception room was lighted only with candles, were fragrant with spring flowers. Mrs. B.T. Kemerer did the honors at the tea table.” “Among other who assisted with dispensing hospitality were Misses Laura Lawson, Langdon Phelan, Mrs. L.R. Hoard, Mrs. Fred Rheinhardt and Mrs. Harry [Hari] Kidd.” El Paso Times, Feb. 14, 1936,

"Age Of The Mission At Ysleta Placed At 256 Years, With Bell Much Older" (title) El Paso Times. Feb. 23, 1936:3 (includes photo of interior and the bell).

“Centennial Observance Opened in E.P.” (title). “Sun Carnival Was Lead Off” “Schools And Churches Take Part In Celebration” (Subtitles). “El Paso was the first city in Texas to begin celebration of the state’s Centennial.” (See Research file on 1936 Texas Centennial). El Paso Times, May 30, 1936, page 10-A.

“On New Year’s Day the Sun Carnival Association, including a group of the city’s civic-minded citizens, headed by Dr. C.M. Hendricks, staged its first pageant, which attracted hundreds of visitors of the city, including Gov. James V. Allred of Texas, and Gov. Clyde Tingley of New Mexico

“The parade was one of the largest and most colorful ever presented in the Southwest. An historical theme was carried out in every one of the 70 floats.” (Note: this article in 1936 Texas Centennial Bibliography add date and publication).

“But El Paso has not been satisfied to let the celebration die. Throughout the schools of the city appropriate plays and pageants have been presented and school children have done much work in making exhibits to send to the Central Centennial Exposition at Dallas.” (Note: this article in 1936 Texas Centennial Bibliography add date and publication).

“El Paso business men and civic leaders attempted to have El Paso named for an auxiliary celebration. Failing in their move, they set about to obtain funds for the erection of a permanent monument to Texas first 100 years as a great commonwealth.” (Note: this article in 1936 Texas Centennial Bibliography add date and publication).

“The Texas Centennial Commission approved and authorized the plan and appropriated funds for the erection of a museum building on the campus of the College of Mines.”

"Centennial Observance Opened in E.P." (title). "Sun Carnival Was Lead-Off"; "Schools And Churches Take Part In Celebration" (subtitles). El Paso Times, May 30, 1936:11-A. (Note: this article in 1936 Texas Centennial Bibliography add date and publication).

"Dallas Prepares For Exposition" (title). "Cleofas Calleros will take 35 Tigua Indians to the exposition." (Research note: The article includes a photo of Smelter Replica for the Centennial Exposition. This issue is the Texas Centennial Edition and contains many articles on the subjects as well as photographs and illustrations) El Paso Times, May 30, 1936:11-A.

"Final Museum Okeh Given" (title). "How The Centennial Memorial Museum Will Look" (Title caption of image of architectural rendering). "Expects Work On Project At College To Begin Soon" (Subtitle). "Members of the El Paso County Advisory Board of the Texas Centennial Commission have give final approval of plans for a museum at the College of Mines, a building designed to become a permanent memorial to Texas' independence. -- Work is expected to start on the $50,000 structure in time to have it completed when the fall session of the institution begins of Sept. 15, Mrs. A.F. Quisenberry, chairman of the board, said. -- Funds obtained for the building from the Central Centennial Exposition after El Paso lost to its effort to be included among Texas cities where auxiliary Centennial expositions were to be held." El Paso Times, May 30, 1936:9-A.

"Make Arrangements for El Paso Day" (title). "Artists Will Go To Dallas", "Program at Fair to be Typical of this Vicinity" "Smelter Replica Goes to Centennial Exposition" (subtitles). "...Cleofas Calleros will take 35 Tigua Indians to the exposition". - "The Tipica Orchestra will be clad in the garb of the Mexican charro, and the Indians will wear their primitive dress." El Paso Times, May 30, 1936, 13-A.

"Portrait Painter To Visit Here" (title). "Exhibition of Art Work Will Be Held at Del Norte" (subtitle). Re: Keith Martin, young portrait painter. Patrons of the exhibit: W.J. Glasgow; Otis C. Coles; Maurice Schwartz; Maude Crouse; W.R. Brown; C.M. Harvey; K.D. Lynch; M.P. Schuster; Gustavo Serrano; C.N. Bassett; Fausto Miranda; Hallett Johnson and Maud Sullivan. El Paso Times, May 31, 1936:13.

"Mines Museum" (title). "To be Named by Centennial Board Tomorrow" (subtitle). El Paso Times, May 31, 1936:5.

"Historical Marker will be Unveiled July 16 on the grounds of the Mission in Ysleta" (title). El Paso Times, June 28, 1936, 9:2-3.

"Pass To North" (title). "Unveiling Ceremony Planned For Monday; Early Days Remembered" (Subtitle). (Partial transcription of article follows): "The Pass to the North will be marked for future generations when a monument in unveiled Monday at 6 p.m., on a spot located near the cement plant on the left side of the highway. The monument was delivered and erected in time for the unveiling through the efforts of Mrs. Cleofas Calleros, who will assist in the dedication ceremonies, and who made a special trip to San Antonio to insure the delivery." -- The marker is the second to be unveiled in El Paso County and is one of 10 obtained for the county through the efforts of the El Paso County Advisory Board of the Texas Centennial Committee, of which Mrs. A.F. Quisenberry is chairman." - "The marker for Old Fort Bliss has been delivered to the committee and an effort is being made to locate the exact spot on which the first Old Fort Bliss buildings was erected so that the monument may be placed there" El Paso Times, Sept. 20, 1936:15:1.

"Six Markers Are Received" (title). "Pass to the North Monument Will be Unveiled at 6 p.m. Today" (Subtitle). "Six more markers for historical points in El Paso County have been received and will be unveiled soon. Mrs. A.F. Quisenberry, chairman of the El Paso County Advisory Board of the Texas Centennial Commission said today. They are: San Elizario, Socorro, Ft. Bliss, El Camino Real, Butterfield stage station, and the Pass to the North." -- [Pass to the North Marker] The marker bears the inscription: "On May 4, 1598, Don Juan de Oñate, adelantado and captain general, Governor of New Mexico, first named El Paso del Rio del Norte. Through this old pass, the lowest snow free feasible route from Atlantic to Pacific through the Rocky Mountains, extend today the great trunk lines of telegraph and railroad. The City of El Paso marks the place and perpetuates the name. Erected by the State of Texas, 1936" El Paso Times, Sept. 21, 1936: 7:6 (See Calleros, 1951, page 16 photo of marker which is "... located opposite Courchesne rock quarry on Highway 80A, upper valley").

"State Marks Paso Del Norte, Path Trod by Conquistadors" (title). (Partial transcription follows): "The spot where the monument stands is the exact place over which the conquistadors and martyrs trod in their long march north," Cleofas Calleros said in his historical address. El Paso Times, Sept. 22, 1936:3:4.

"City Approves Marker Sites" (title). "Monuments to Designate Historical Locations in El Paso" (Subtitle). (Partial transcription of article follows): "Request of the El Paso Diocesan Committee of the Texas Centennial Celebration, for permission to erect two historical monuments, one in San Jacinto Plaza, the other on the sidewalk at Oregon and Overland Streets, was approved Wednesday by W.E. Stockwell, city plan engineer. - The marker on the Plaza will mark El Camino Real (King's Highway) which originated in Mexico City and ended in Santa Fe, New Mexico. -- "The other marker will designate the spot where the old Butterfield stage coach loaded and discharged its passengers in El Paso" El Paso Times, Sept. 24, 1936:12:7.

Re: History of Fabens & Vicinity. San Felipe Canyon. Old Adobe House, pioneer Ranch in Apache country. El Paso Times, Oct. 16, 1936, 5:4, 1 col.

1939 "Statue Rapidly Takes Shape" (title). "Sculptor Nearing Completion of work on Memorial to Early Cavalryman" (Subtitle). (Photo with rough carving to shape the monument. The entire article is transcribed): "El Paso's Cavalry Memorial is well on its way to completion, as this picture shows. However, Sculptor Jose Ruiz de Rivera, who is seen standing beside it, expects to work another year before getting the huge granite figure ready to be set up in the triangular plot of ground at the intersection of Santa Fe and Missouri Streets. -- The figure will be that of a frontier cavalryman, clad in the old "blues and boots" that were worn by the horse soldiers of the 18th century, holding his saddle at the side. -- Money for the memorial was provided in the will of Percival Henderson, who died several years ago. It was made available to the City of El Paso with the understanding that some figure prominent in the development of the Southwest be memorialized. Irving Schwartz, Tom Lee [sic] Jr., and Percy McGhee were designated as a committee to select the figure and they settled upon that of a pioneer-day cavalryman. -- They were appointed by the administrator of the estate. Mrs. M.S. Burleson was named by Mayor M. A. Harlan to represent the city in preparations for the memorial. Mr. de Rivera, outstanding American sculptor with a studio in New York City, was commissioned. He visited El Paso early in 1938 and started to work soon afterward. -- The granite block that is being carved was quarried in Pennsylvania. The soldier figure is more than eight feet high. The height of the entire statue, including pedestal is about 15 feet." El Paso Times, Jan. 25, 1939:5:2.

1940 "General Brees Will Fly Here to Take Part" (title). Re: dedication of Cavalryman Statue in El Paso - 2 PM Thursday. "Major General H.J. Brees, commanding officer of the Eighth Corps Area, will fly here from San Antonio to attend and make an address". Spent two years carving the work. "Major Gen. Kenyon A. Joyce, commandant of Fort Bliss, will be escorted to the scene by a squadron of cavalry." -- "The Seventh Cavalry Band will play both before and after the ceremonies." "Mr. Eurich on this occasion will present to the City both the memorial and Henderson Baby Clinic, recently completed. The baby clinic also was a gift to El Paso from Mr. Henderson." "General Brees will make his talk after the presentation of the Henderson gifts to the City. Atty. Tom Lea was designated by Mayor J.E. Anderson to make the acceptance speed for the City." El Paso Times, March 23, 1940:3:1, 2/3 col.

"Eighth Corps Chief Tells of E.P. Trip" (title). "F. R. Send Congratulatory Letter to Dedication Officials Here" (Subtitle). (Research note: the Cavalryman Statue was unveiled by Mrs. M.P. Schuster, pioneer El Pasoan. The sculptor, Jose Ruiz de Rivera also attended. It was unveiled on March 28, 1940, same day as article). El Paso Times, March 28, 1940:11:1.

Letter from President F.D. Roosevelt. “It Should Inspire All Who View It,” concerning the Cavalryman Statue in El Paso’s Triangle Park.” El Paso Times, March 29, 1940, 1:2, 3:3, 2/4 col.

El Paso As It was in Stagecoach Days" by W.W. Bridgers (Research note: W.W. Bridgers, El Paso photographer). El Paso Times, April 15, 1940:4:2.

Cristo Rey Illuminated by Anti-Aircraft Command. Will Mark Celebration of V-J Day in El Paso. El Paso Times, Aug. 11, 1945, 1:3, 5 inches.

Sheriff Chris Fox to Direct Safety in Monument Dedication at Cristo Rey. El Paso Times, Sept. 16, 1940, 2:3, 13 inches.

Two Apostolic Delegates to Meet in El Paso for Dedication of Cristo Rey. El Paso Times, Oct. 6, 1940 (no page or column number cited).

"Around El Paso" (Title). Article by Ollie P. Lansden. "Anne Hughes writes from Los Angeles, Calif., that she wants to sell the door which was taken from the old mission at Ysleta many years ago. -- Since the museum was established at the College of Mines the door has been there in safe-keeping. - Now that the door is to be sold, it is to be sincerely hoped that it will be bought by the city or some individual and kept in the museum. - The old, carved portal was one of the two doors which for long years opened to admit the devout in the old Nuestra Senora del Carmen, dedicated in 1681, to worship. - Too much of historical archaeological value has been taken from this section. Let's keep the things that are still here and protect the findings of the future. - Those who wish to contact Miss Hughes regarding the purchase of the old door will find her at 612 North Lucerne Boulevard, Los Angeles. - A niece of Floyd Payne, 1020 Montana Street, Miss Hughes is a member of a pioneer El Paso family. She lived here before gong to California" El Paso Times, Oct. 25, 1940:6:2.

“Mules Turn Miracle to Save Statue of Christ in Ojinaga” Legend of religious art. Mules refused to carry it to Chihuahua City where it had been ordered. El Paso Times, Nov. 10, 1940. (No page or column number cited) (Research note: this is similar to other myths such as San Elizario and Tularosa).

Washington Park Past. Research note: Rep. (Research note: check this citation for date and page number)

1941 White Seeks Landmarks for El Paso (title). Working to have Hart's Mill, Ysleta Mission, San Elizario, Socorro Mission, Hueco Tanks placed on National Registry of Historic Sites. El Paso Times, April 16, 1971, 1-B, col. 4.

St. Anthony statue at Ysleta Mission. El Paso Times, July 22, 1941, 12:3, 15 lines (locate & photocopy).

1942 W.W. Bridgers, El Paso photographer) El Paso Times, April 5, 1942:8:2.

1945 “El Paso Once Bought for $5000” (title). Article by Ann Connell. (Photo of painting of W.T. Smith), Smith, aka Uncle Billy Smith, bought the town of Franklin for $5000 from Ponce de Leon’s son-in-law and sold it later for a slight profit. [Houser note: this painting belongs to the El Paso History Museum). “According to the information received recently from the Metropolitan Museum of Art by Brig. Gen. W.J. Glasgow of El Paso, Percy Moran was an artist of some note and had studied in London and Paris as well as New York. One of the heirs brought the portrait of ‘Uncle Billy’ to El Paso in 1941 and it was recently hung in the Museum Building, 1204 Montana Street.” El Paso Times, March 25, 1945, page number not recorded, vertical file El Paso Public Library.

Mayor J.E. Anderson instructed Hugo Meyer Park Dept. Supt. to rehabilitate World War I Monument in Memorial Park which was damaged by vandals. El Paso Times, June 23, 1945, 1:4; 23 lines.

1952 "Old Ysleta Mission Observes 271st Birthday ..." (Title). Article by Cleofas Calleros (Research note: Calleros states that the Christ image in wood which "was brought from Spain" survived the 1907 fire: "Thus, those walls, the statue of Christ, and the old mission bell were the only survivors") El Paso Times, May 11, 1952:40.

"San Lorenzo Mission in Mexico First Erected North of River" (Title). Article by Cleofas Calleros (Research note: photo of San Lorenzo historical marker erected by the State of Texas in 1936, Texas Centennial, is located at the 'glorieta' or intersection of Pendell Avenue and Highway 80 East. Inscription reads: "Approximate site of the Mission and Pueblo of San Lorenzo, established by Don Antonio de Otermin and Father Fray Francisco Ayeta, OFM, in 1682. Maintained by Franciscan Missionaries for the civilizing and Christianizing of the Zuma Indians"). El Paso Times, May 25, 1952:22.

1955 Vandals Destroy Priceless Indian Signs at Hueco Tanks (Title) (photo). El Paso Times, Dec. 13, 1955, no page number recorded, from: El Paso Public Library Vertical File: Hueco Tanks; photocopy in file.

1956 Historical Society Wants State Park at Hueco Tanks (Title). El Paso Times, Jan. 18, 1956, no page number recorded, from: El Paso Public Library Vertical File: Hueco Tanks; photocopy in file". – “A move to have the Hueco Tanks area designated a Texas preserve or state park has been started by Paul A. Heisig, president of El Paso Historical Society."

1956 “First E.P. Industry Was Flour Mill Established in 1849 by Simeon Hart” (title). (Old photo of Hart’s Mill from the Times-Blumenthal Collection). “Social Life Centered at Miller’s Home” (subtitle). (Note: includes two photos – one of the Hart family in 1873 and the other of Hart’s mill. W.W. Mills wrote in 1858 that the mill was the chief industrial enterprise in the valley. The business in mills declined when the railroad arrived. In 1895 it ceased operations. During the great depression it was used as a home by the federal government for transients). El Paso Herald-Post, April 28, 1956, Section F, page two (Note: original with 75th anniversary edition in newspaper file).

1958 “Tylon Placed” (title). (Photos and captions with article). “Following-up a ceremony Sept. 29 in conjunction with the observation of the centennial of Overland Mail, the American Airlines Trylon atop Texas’ highest mountain, Signal Peak, has been placed. It is in the memory of Pioneer Airmen who blazed an aerial path through treacherous Guadalupe Pass in the early days of commercial aviation. El Paso Times, Dec. 8, 1958, 9:5.

1960 "Monuments Mark Historic EP Spots" (title). Article by George Kinninger. (Research note: article about the San Antonio de Senecú Marker and the Captain Frank Jones Marker. El Paso Times, October 2, 1960.

1962 John Wesley Hardin Plaque. On the wall of Lerner’s Store by State National Bank. Bank to erect Hardin Plaque. El Paso Herald Post, Oct. 26, 1962, p. 2-A, (also see: El Paso Times, Nov. 18, 1962, page 8-A.

1963 “El Paso History Uncovered” (title), (Photo of painting on wall of Heritage Gallery), Exhibited at El Paso Museum of Art is portrait of Uncle Billy Smith. “Uncle Billy’s oil portrait had been purchased in 1941 from the Metropolitan Museum of Art for our El Paso Museum, but little was known about Smith or the artist who painted the portrait. In recent research by Mignon Schultz, the museum’s coordinator, a treasure of the founding of the El Paso came to light. – Walter Babbit, director of The El Paso Public Library and Mrs. Marcelle L. Hamer, professional assistant in charge of the Library’s Southwest Room, provided the files and documents for research on the Billy Smith story.” – “Dr. Strickland found record of the marriage of artist, Edward Percy Moran, to Jenny Crosby, daughter of Judge Josiah Crosby who was one of Smith’s business partners. This adds fact to the belief that Crosby commissioned the portrait of Smith from a daguerreotype taken in El Paso in 1860."El Paso Times, Nov. 17, 1963, page number not recorded, from El Paso Public Library CVF vertical file.

1965 Ralph Lowenstein [sic Loewenstein] Writes war novel to be published. He is a member of the TWC Faculty. El Paso Times, June 27, 1965, page 9-A.

1979 “Toltec Club Makes National Register” (title). National Register of the Interior and is the second building to be named in the National Register this year. El Paso Times, March 30, 1979, 3:B, col. 1 (El Paso Public Library Subject Card File).

1991 History of the Rocks (Title). "Pictures from the Past Fill the Tanks". (Photos) Re: includes photo of names, Santiago Cooper. Article by Robert Nelson. El Paso Times,    Nov. 22, 1991 (no page number recorded) (El Paso Public Library Vertical File, "Hueco Tanks", newspaper clipping).

1992 Protecting Ancient Art (Title). Hueco Tanks Ranger Search for Plan to Save Pictographs from Vandals, by Emily Jauregui, El Paso Times, Nov. 15, 1992, A-1, (photos). The Pueblo del Sur Community, the Tigua Indians, have filed suit for control of the park to    protect the ancient artworks, said Tom Diamond, whose is representing the Tribe (El Paso Public Library Vertical File, "Hueco Tanks", newspaper clipping).

2006 A View of the Past – Border painter’s life a mystery (title), (Re: Leon Trousset, article by Louie Gilot, El Paso Times, Wednesday, Jan. 11, 2006, page 1-2A.

El Paso Woman’s Club (See: Price 1983)

Emory, William H. (see: US Congress, House of Representatives, 1857).